A crown is a tooth-shaped cover placed over a tooth that is damaged or decayed. Crowns, often called caps, are made to look just like your teeth. There are many reasons why people see their cosmetic dentist to get crowns, but generally the tooth has been damaged quite extensively, and filling material cannot replace the missing tooth structure to make the tooth strong enough. Crowns can hold together parts of a broken tooth and can also be used to hold a bridge in place. Misshapen and badly discolored teeth can also be covered by crowns.
Some crowns are prefabricated and are made of plastic or stainless steel; prefabricated crowns can be used as a temporary restoration until a permanent crown is manufactured. Crowns can be all metal, porcelain fused to metal (PFM), or all ceramic. The metals used in making crowns are gold alloy, other alloys such as palladium or a base-metal alloy such as nickel or chromium. The all metal and PFM crowns are the strongest and are typically used for back teeth. PFM and all-ceramic crowns look just like real teeth. Crowns can last at least 7 years typically, but some have lasted as long as 40 years.
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Since teeth needing crowns are often decayed and damaged, endodontic (root canal) treatment is often necessary before the crown is placed. However, not everyone who needs a crown will also need a root canal. To put a crown in place, your dentist must file down the tooth to make room for it. After filing down the tooth, he or she will use a piece of thread or cord to push the gum down around the tooth and then make an impression of the tooth. The impression material is removed after several minutes. The impressions are sent to the lab and the crown is made. In the meantime, you will receive a temporary crown usually made of plastic and made right in the office on the day of your visit. At your next visit, the temporary crown will be removed and the permanent crown will be tested. Once the crown is ready, it is cemented to your tooth.
Having a crown placed is a fairly simple procedure that typically does not cause any post-procedure discomfort or sensitivity. If you do notice pain or sensitivity when you bite down, you should call your dentist as this usually means the crown is too high on the tooth and can be easily fixed.
If your crown becomes loose or chipped, you should call your dentist. If the crown comes completely out of your mouth, clean the crown and the tooth and call your dentist to get an appointment the next day to have this repaired.
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